Honey Bee Hierarchy- different between Queen and Worker bees

Honey Bee Hierarchy-
                      how can we distinguish between the Queen and the Worker bees?

Honey bees have very complicated sex life! They live in hives contain tens of thousands of bees, usually offspring of the same mother, known as the queen. Among these offsprings, some are haploid male, meaning they are produced with only the half of the genetic material from mother with no involvement of a male bee or drown. Others are female worker bees who are diploid meaning they have to be fertilized with a drown to obtain two copies of the genetic material.

Both of the queen and the worker bees are diploid female and require fertilization from a drown. What makes them different is the food they are fed as larvae. For the first few days of their lives, they are both fed with royal jelly, a liquid produced by worker bee. The all larva are fed with pollen and honey after the first few days and develop into worker bees with the exception the queen-to-be, they are continuously fed with royal jelly which allow them to grow large in size and enable them to produce up to 2000 eggs/day.

"I" Know What You Had For Lunch!

Did you know that-------------

               Baby frogs can detect what their 

                                           predator ate for lunch?

Species of gray treefrog (Hyla versicolor) is a medium-sized frog that lives throughout much of eastern North America and through the central United States to the Gulf Coast of Texas. They inhabit in the forests but move to the water when they breed. The tadpoles are hatched in the water. Each one of these little tadpoles has the special ability to sense predators in the water through chemical cues.

On top of that, these tadpoles detect what predators habitually feeds, either tadpole or other organisms such as snails. Isn't that amazing?! When they figure out what their predator eat, they will adjust their own behaviour accordingly. When a predator habitually feeds on tadpoles, the treefrog tadpoles spend more time hiding and undergo changes in shape. There tails grow bigger for quicker and more effective escape. Meanwhile their body get smaller because most of the energy invested to the tail. On the other hand, if the predator is feeding on snails, the treefrog tadpoles spend less time hiding and will have larger bodies (meaning bigger mouth and longer intestine to store food!).

Plants Sweats!

Did you know that-----

       Mangrove plants along costal region have special salt gland enable them sweat?

Mangroves are shrubs that grow in saline costal sediment in the tropic and subtropics (Jamaica, Cambodia, Brazil, and The Philippines). Their seeds are unlike most plants who germinate in soil. Mangroves seeds have the ability to float on water and disperse to the most favourable habitat. A ready to go seedling grows out from the seed that enables them to travel, once it is ready to root, the seedling flit vertical and lodge in the mud and root. 

What's amazing it that, mangrove lives in the ocean and they are capable of purifying the salt water they absorbed from the root into something they could "drink"(utilize). They have two elaborate salt glands at their leaf base, once water is transported to the leaves through osmosis, the salt glands actively transport salts out of the cell and maintain the salt balance in the cell.